What do we know about the influence of vacuum on bacterial biocenosis used in environmental biotechnologies?

The article aims to show the increased interest in the applications of vacuum in the area of environmental biotechnology and the lack of research related to the effects of vacuum on bacteria and microbial communities.

Information on the impact of vacuum on bacteria is limited and often comes from unrelated research fields. In most cases (astrobiology research, food preservation technologies), the exposure of microorganisms in vacuum is permanent for the whole life of a cell. In environmental science applications, the exposure of microorganisms containing media such as sludge or soil in vacuum is rather persistent, and lower values of vacuum are used.

Individual Reaction Mix 4
G065-4 200 reactions
EUR 167.00

pLenti-CLDN1 shRNA-4 Plasmid
PVTBAV04867-4 2 ug
EUR 356.00

Feline IL-4 Recombinant Protein
R00230-4 5ug/vial
EUR 259.00
Description: IL-4 has many biological roles, including the stimulation of activated B-cell and T-cell proliferation, and the differentiation of CD4+ T-cells into Th2 cells. It is a key regulator in humoral and adaptive immunity. Feline IL-4 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-4 produced in yeast.

Mouse FibrOut 4, for brain, neural
4-20507 1 ml Ask for price

Mouse FibrOut 4, for brain, neural
4-20508 5 x 1 ml Ask for price

Rat FibrOut 4, for brain, neural
4-20533 1 ml Ask for price

Rat FibrOut 4, for brain, neural
4-20534 5 x 1 ml Ask for price

Human FibrOut 4, for brain, neural
4-21552 1 ml Ask for price

Human FibrOut 4, for brain, neural
4-21553 5 x 1 ml Ask for price

DIGITAL SHAKER FOR 4 MICROPLATES, 120V
6780-4 1/pk
EUR 798.00
Description: Lab Equipment; Shakers & Mixers

Recombinant Human PF-4 (CXCL4) Protein
PROTP02776-4 20ug
EUR 317.00
Description: PF-4 is a CXC chemokine that is expressed in megakaryocytes and stored in the α-granules of platelets. PF-4 is chemotactic towards neutrophils and monocytes and has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis. Recombinant human PF-4 is a 7.8 kDa protein containing 70 amino acid residues, including the four highly conserved residues present in CXC chemokines.

Recombinant Human 4-1BB Receptor Protein
PROTQ07011-4 20ug
EUR 317.00
Description: 4-1BB Receptor, a member of the TNF superfamily of receptors, is mainly expressed on the surface of a variety of T cells, but also found in B cells, monocytes, and various transformed cell lines. 4-1BB Receptor binds to 4-1BBL to provide a co-stimulatory signal for T lymphocytes. Signaling by 4-1BB Receptor has been implicated in the antigen-presentation process and generation of cytotoxic T cells. The human 4-1BB Receptor gene codes for a 255 amino acid type I transmembrane protein containing a 17 amino acid N-terminal signal sequence, a 169 amino acid extracellular domain, a 27 amino acid transmembrane domain and a 42 amino acid cytoplasmic domain. Recombinant human soluble 4-1BB Receptor is a 167 amino acid polypeptide (17.7 kDa), which contains the cysteine rich TNFR-like extracellular domain of 4-1BB Receptor.

Bone Dissociation System 4 (Osteoblasts), Adult Mouse
4-20214 ea Ask for price

Liver Dissociation System 4 (Hepatocytes, rat), Rat
4-20304 ea Ask for price

Pituitary Dissociation System 4 (Pituitary), Adult mouse
4-20404 ea Ask for price

Thymus Dissociation System 4 (Epithelial), Adult rat
4-20444 ea Ask for price

Cartilage Dissociation System 4 (Chondrocytes), Mouse and Rat
4-20234 ea Ask for price

Mammary Dissociation System 4 (Epithelial, Swiss 3T3), Mouse
4-20324 ea Ask for price

Pancreas Dissociation System 4 (Islets), Mouse and Rat
4-20374 ea Ask for price

Skin Dissociation System 4 (Keratinocytes), Mouse and Rat
4-20434 ea Ask for price

DIGITAL SHAKER FOR 4 MICROPLATES, 230V-EU PLUG
6781-4 1/pk
EUR 798.00
Description: Lab Equipment; Shakers & Mixers

DIGITAL SHAKER FOR 4 MICROPLATES, 230V-UK PLUG
6782-4 1/pk
EUR 798.00
Description: Lab Equipment; Shakers & Mixers

Cycloheximide
C001-1G 1 g
EUR 67.00

Formaldehyde Standard, 500UL
C001-500UL 500UL
EUR 123.00

Cycloheximide
C001-5x1G 5 x 1 g
EUR 153.00

DiagPoly Avidin Coated Polystyrene Particles, 0.7-0.9 µm
DNM-C001 10 mL
EUR 1010.00

DiagNano Avidin Silica Particles, 300 nm
DNG-C001 2 mL
EUR 627.00

Absolute Mag Oleic Acid Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles, 5 nm
WNM-C001 2 mL
EUR 559.00

T-Pro Separating or Resolving Buffer
JB03-C001 500ml/BT
EUR 152.00

Adipose/Fat Dissociation System 4 (Predipocytes), Mouse and Rat
4-20194 ea Ask for price

Brain Dissociation System 4 (Endothelial, Microvessels), Mouse and Rat
4-20224 ea Ask for price

Endothelial Dissociation System 4 (Endothelial,Cerebral), Mouse and Rat
4-20244 ea Ask for price

Heart Dissociation System 4 (Myocytes,Ventricles), Mouse and Rat
4-20274 ea Ask for price

Muscle Dissociation System 4 (Smooth muscle), Mouse and Rat
4-20334 ea Ask for price

Parotid Dissociation System 4 (Parotid acinar), Mouse and Rat
4-20394 ea Ask for price

Epithelial Dissociation System 4 (Epithelial,Submandibular salivary), Mouse and Rat
4-20254 ea Ask for price

Heart Dissociation System 4 (Retinal pigment epithelial), Mouse and Rat
4-20294 ea Ask for price

Lung Dissociation System 4 (Alveolar type II), Mouse and Rat
4-20314 ea Ask for price

Reproductive Tissue Dissociation System 4 (Epithelial, vagina), Mouse and Rat
4-20414 ea Ask for price

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, Human Plasma, 4 vials)
M1040-4
EUR 909.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, Human Plasma, 4 vials)
M1041-4
EUR 1137.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, Human Serum, 4 vials)
M1042-4
EUR 909.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, Human Serum, 4 vials)
M1043-4
EUR 1132.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, Human Urine, 4 vials)
M1044-4
EUR 909.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, Human Urine, 4 vials)
M1045-4
EUR 1137.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, Human Saliva, 4 vials)
M1046-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, Human Saliva, 4 vials)
M1047-4
EUR 1137.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, U87 MG, 4 vials)
M1054-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, U87 MG, 4 vials)
M1055-4
EUR 1142.00

Adrenal Dissociation System 4 (Heart, Adrenal chromaffin, Paraneurons), Mouse and Rat
4-20204 ea Ask for price

Kidney Dissociation System 4 (Inner medullary duct,Papillae), Mouse and Rat
4-29294 ea Ask for price

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, COLO1 cell line, 4 vials)
M1048-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, COLO1 cell line, 4 vials)
M1049-4
EUR 1142.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, MM1 cell line, 4 vials)
M1050-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, MM1 cell line, 4 vials)
M1051-4
EUR 1142.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, BLCL21 cell line, 4 vials)
M1052-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, BLCL21 cell line, 4 vials)
M1053-4
EUR 1142.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, HCT116 cell line, 4 vials)
M1058-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, HCT116 cell line, 4 vials)
M1059-4
EUR 1142.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, PC3 cell line, 4 vials)
M1060-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, PC3 cell line, 4 vials)
M1061-4
EUR 1142.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, DAUD1 cell line, 4 vials)
M1064-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, DAUD1 cell line, 4 vials)
M1065-4
EUR 1142.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, A549 cell line, 4 vials)
M1066-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, A549 cell line, 4 vials)
M1067-4
EUR 1142.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, B16F10 cell line, 4 vials)
M1070-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, B16F10 cell line, 4 vials)
M1071-4
EUR 1142.00

Tumor Dissociation System 4 (Epithelial tumor,Neoplastic, Tumor, islet), Mouse and Rat
4-20484 ea Ask for price

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, BPH-1 cell line, 4 vials)
M1062-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, BPH-1 cell line, 4 vials)
M1063-4
EUR 1142.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, K-562 cell line, 4 vials)
M1068-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, K-562 cell line, 4 vials)
M1069-4
EUR 1142.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, SK-N-SH cell line, 4 vials)
M1056-4
EUR 914.00

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, SK-N-SH cell line, 4 vials)
M1057-4
EUR 1142.00

Neural Dissociation System 4 (Cerebella neurons Dorsa horn neurons Neurons, sympathetic Precursor Spinal), Mouse and Rat
4-20354 ea Ask for price

Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit
DL-CA72-4-Hu-192 1 kit of 192 tests
EUR 1054.00
Description: An ELISA kit based on the sandwich method for detection and quantification of Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4)

Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit
DL-CA72-4-Hu-48 1 kit of 48 tests
EUR 447.00
Description: An ELISA kit based on the sandwich method for detection and quantification of Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4)

Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit
DL-CA72-4-Hu-96 1 kit of 96 tests
EUR 597.00
Description: An ELISA kit based on the sandwich method for detection and quantification of Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4)

Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit
DLR-CA72-4-Hu-48T 48T
EUR 479.00
  • Should the Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit is proven to show malperformance, you will receive a refund or a free replacement.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids.

Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit
DLR-CA72-4-Hu-96T 96T
EUR 621.00
  • Should the Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit is proven to show malperformance, you will receive a refund or a free replacement.
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids.

Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit
RD-CA72-4-Hu-48Tests 48 Tests
EUR 478.00

Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit
RD-CA72-4-Hu-96Tests 96 Tests
EUR 662.00

Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit
RDR-CA72-4-Hu-48Tests 48 Tests
EUR 500.00

Human Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) ELISA Kit
RDR-CA72-4-Hu-96Tests 96 Tests
EUR 692.00

PRL (Prolactin) ELISA test
4 96T/Box Ask for price
  • Area of application: Hormone testing
Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of PRL (Prolactin)

Recombinant Anti-BSA x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody (Tandem scFv)
BSFV-c001-100ug 100μg
EUR 3794.00
Description: A bispecific antibody that is expressed as an anti-BSA scFv fused with an anti-CD3 scFv, contains a His-tag at the C/N terminus for affinity purification. This BsAb can be used as a negative control to other anti-CD3 BsAbs in the research of tumor therapy.

Recombinant Anti-BSA x Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody (Tandem scFv)
BSFV-c001-50ug 50μg
EUR 2156.00
Description: A bispecific antibody that is expressed as an anti-BSA scFv fused with an anti-CD3 scFv, contains a His-tag at the C/N terminus for affinity purification. This BsAb can be used as a negative control to other anti-CD3 BsAbs in the research of tumor therapy.

Goat Gamma Globulin
22005-4 100g
EUR 2483.00
  • All products from Pel-Freez are available in Europe and worldwide via Gentaur. If you cannot find the item you need send us an inquiry and we will be in touch with you with pricing and delivery information in less than 12 hours.
Description: Goat gamma globulin is purified from serum obtained from normal healthy animals (male and female) by using various fractionation procedures followed by dialysis against low ionic strength buffer. It is in lyophilized powder form with purity of 98% or more. Protein by weight: O.D. 280 nm E1%1.39: ? 85% - Residual salts, lipids, etc. comprise the rest of the weight.

Rabbit Gamma Globulin
21005-4 5 g
EUR 246.00
  • All products from Pel-Freez are available in Europe and worldwide via Gentaur. If you cannot find the item you need send us an inquiry and we will be in touch with you with pricing and delivery information in less than 12 hours.
Description: Rabbit gamma globulin is purified from serum obtained from normal healthy rabbits (male and female) by using various fractionation procedures. It is in lyophilized powder form with purity of 95% or more. Protein by weight: O.D. 280 nm E1%1.39: ? 85% - Residual salts, lipids, etc. comprise the rest of the weight.

Adipose/Fat Dissociation System 1 (Brown fat Adipose), Mouse and Rat
4-20191 ea Ask for price

Adipose/Fat Dissociation System 2 (White Fat, Vascular endothelial, Epididymal Fat, pads Fat), Mouse and Rat
4-20192 ea Ask for price

Adipose/Fat Dissociation System 3 (Adipocytes), Mouse and Rat
4-20193 ea Ask for price

Adipose/Fat Dissociation System 5 (Brown adipocytes, Interscapular depots, Cervical depot), Mouse and Rat
4-20195 ea Ask for price

Adrenal Dissociation System 1 (ZG,ZFR), Mouse and Rat
4-20201 ea Ask for price

Adrenal Dissociation System 2 (Leydig, Adrenal), Mouse and Rat
4-20202 ea Ask for price

Adrenal Dissociation System 3 (Adrenocortical), Mouse and Rat
4-20203 ea Ask for price

Adrenal Dissociation System 5 (Adrenocortical, Decapular, Capsular, Glomerulosa), Mouse and Rat
4-20205 ea Ask for price

Adrenal Dissociation System 6 (Chromaffin, Endothelial, Glomerulosa), Mouse and Rat
4-20206 ea Ask for price

Adrenal Dissociation System 7 (Medullary), Mouse and Rat
4-20207 ea Ask for price

Adrenal Dissociation System 8 (Cortical), Mouse and Rat
4-20208 ea Ask for price

Adrenal Dissociation System 9 (Adrenal), Mouse and Rat
4-20209 ea Ask for price

Bone Dissociation System 1 (Chondrocytes, Neonatal bone, Osteoblastlike cells), Mouse and Rat
4-20211 ea Ask for price

Bone Dissociation System 2 (Osteoblasts, Chondrocytes), Mouse and Rat
4-20212 ea Ask for price

Bone Dissociation System 3 (Vertebrae chondroblasts), Mouse and Rat
4-20213 ea Ask for price

Bone Dissociation System 5 (Osteoblasts), Rat
4-20215 ea Ask for price

Bone Dissociation System 6 (Osteoblasts), Mouse 6-8 weeks
4-20216 ea Ask for price

Bone Dissociation System 7 (Osteoblastlike cells, Stromal cells, Hematopietic blast cells), Mouse and Rat
4-20217 ea Ask for price

Brain Dissociation System 1 (Astrocytes, Glial, Cerebral cortices, Germinal matrix, Hippocampi, Neural), Mouse and Rat
4-20221 ea Ask for price

Brain Dissociation System 2 (Glial, Schwann), Mouse and Rat
4-20222 ea Ask for price

Brain Dissociation System 3 (Hippocampal neurons), Mouse and Rat
4-20223 ea Ask for price

Brain Dissociation System 5 (Cerebral cortex), Mouse and Rat
4-20225 ea Ask for price

Brain Dissociation System 6 (Brain), Fetal Rat
4-20226 ea Ask for price

Brain Dissociation System 7 (Endothelial), Mouse and Rat
4-20227 ea Ask for price

Brain Dissociation System 8 (Capillary endothelium, Pericytes), Mouse and Rat
4-20228 ea Ask for price

Cartilage Dissociation System 1 (Mesenchymal, Fibroblasts, Epithelial-like), Mouse and Rat
4-20231 ea Ask for price

Cartilage Dissociation System 2 (Articular cartilage, Chondrocytes, Matrix vesicles, Wing buds), Mouse and Rat
4-20232 ea Ask for price

Cartilage Dissociation System 3 (Articular chondrocytes, Chondrocytes), Mouse and Rat
4-20233 ea Ask for price

Endothelial Dissociation System 1 (Smooth muscle, arota), Mouse and Rat
4-20241 ea Ask for price

Endothelial Dissociation System 2 (Endothelial, Kupffer, Lipocytes, Sinusoidal endothelial), Mouse and Rat
4-20242 ea Ask for price

Endothelial Dissociation System 3 (Endothelial, Kupffer, Parenchymal), Mouse and Rat
4-20243 ea Ask for price

Endothelial Dissociation System 5 (Endothelial,Thoracic aorta), Mouse and Rat
4-20245 ea Ask for price

Endothelial Dissociation System 6 (Endothelial), Mouse and Rat
4-20246 ea Ask for price

Endothelial Dissociation System 7 (Cerebrovascular endothelial), Mouse and Rat
4-20247 ea Ask for price

Epithelial Dissociation System 1 (Intestinal mesenchymal and epithelial,Liver epithelial,Mammary epithelial), Mouse and Rat
4-20251 ea Ask for price

Epithelial Dissociation System 2 (Epididymal epithelial, Gastric parietal and chief Submandibular salivary), Mouse and Rat
4-20252 ea Ask for price

Epithelial Dissociation System 3 (Epithelial, < 10-day-old rat, Epithelial-like, Esophageal, Uterine), Rat
4-20253 ea Ask for price

Epithelial Dissociation System 5 (Epithelial, Interlobular duct fragments), Mouse and Rat
4-20255 ea Ask for price

Epithelial Dissociation System 6 (Gastric epithelial), Mouse and Rat
4-20256 ea Ask for price

Epithelial Dissociation System 7 (Colon, Trachea), Mouse and Rat
4-20257 ea Ask for price

Epithelial Dissociation System 8 (Uterine), Mouse and Rat
4-20258 ea Ask for price

Vacuum is used or proposed to be used in wastewater treatment, anaerobic digestion, sludge treatment, soil remediation and mining. Usually, vacuum is used to remove gases from the test medium, so a purely physical process is applied. However, most reports show the influence of vacuum on biological processes and its efficiency, as well as on the community structure.